The brain is our main organ, because it is intelligence that makes us all human. Although our brain has grown immensely in size over the past 6-7 million years, the last change took place only 50,000 years ago when our ancestors started creating world-changing inventions. The human brain changed at the molecular level and not only in size. But what exactly has changed?

Is our brain so different from that of the chimpanzee? Is it the only organ to have changed so much? Is it all the fault of metabolism or even some specific substance? Will we be able to comprehend the evolution of human intelligence if we figure out how our brain evolved? 

Philipp Khaitovich is an evolutionary biologist and a Professor at the Skoltech Center for Neurobiology and Brain Restoration (CNBR) since 2014. After completing his undergraduate studies at Lomonosov Moscow State University, he earned a PhD degree in biochemistry from the University of Illinois at Chicago. Philipp did his postdoctoral research at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (Germany) and worked at the Shanghai Institute for Computational Biology (China).

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